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Couette flow represents the flow of fluid between two parallel plates, with one plate fixed and the other moving with a constant velocity. This configuration allows for a simplified analysis using the Navier-Stokes equations, which govern fluid motion under conditions of viscosity and incompressibility. For Couette flow, the assumptions include a steady, laminar, incompressible flow with a zero-pressure gradient in the flow direction. This flow type is beneficial for understanding shear-driven...
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Updated: Sep 29, 2025

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MHD Double-Diffusive Carreau Fluid Flow through a Porous Medium with Variable Thermal Conductivity and

Salman Zeb1, Shafiq Ahmad1, Muhammad Ibrahim2,3

  • 1Department of Mathematics, University of Malakand, Chakdara 18800, Dir (Lower), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 25, 2022
PubMed
Summary

This study examines magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) Carreau fluid flow with double diffusion in porous media. Increased porosity reduces velocity but enhances temperature and concentration, while variable thermal conductivity boosts temperature.

Keywords:
Carreau fluiddouble diffusionmagnetic fieldporous mediumsuction and injectionvariable thermal conductivity

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Area of Science:

  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD)
  • Heat and Mass Transfer

Background:

  • Understanding non-Newtonian fluid behavior in porous media is crucial for industrial applications.
  • Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) effects significantly alter fluid flow dynamics.
  • Double diffusion processes influence heat and mass transfer characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) Carreau fluid flow through a porous medium under double diffusion.
  • To investigate the impact of variable thermal conductivity and suction/injection on the fluid flow.
  • To explore the influence of various parameters on velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized similarity transformations to convert governing equations into dimensionless non-linear ordinary differential equations.
  • Employed Maple software for numerical solutions.
  • Presented results graphically to illustrate the effects of different parameters.

Main Results:

  • Increased porosity parameter was found to reduce the velocity profile.
  • Both temperature and concentration profiles were enhanced by increasing the porosity parameter.
  • Variable thermal conductivity led to an enhancement in the temperature field, while the Nusselt number showed an opposite trend.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides insights into the complex interplay of double diffusion, MHD, and porous media on Carreau fluid flow.
  • Findings highlight the significant influence of porosity and variable thermal conductivity on heat and mass transfer.
  • The analysis offers valuable data for optimizing processes involving non-Newtonian fluids in porous environments.