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Problem Drinking and Marijuana Use as Risks for Unidirectional and Bidirectional Partner Violence.

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Most intimate partner violence (IPV) is bidirectional, involving both perpetration and victimization. Problem drinking and marijuana use are linked to IPV in emergency department patients.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Sociology
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Intimate partner violence (IPV) often involves mutual perpetration and victimization, yet this bidirectional IPV is understudied in emergency department (ED) populations.
  • Substance use, including problem drinking and marijuana, is frequently associated with IPV, but its role in bidirectional IPV requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the prevalence of unidirectional and bidirectional IPV among low- and moderate-acuity ED patients.
  • To investigate the association between patient substance use (alcohol intoxication, marijuana use) and partner substance use (problem drinking, marijuana use) with IPV.

Main Methods:

  • An observational, cross-sectional survey was conducted with 1,037 patients at a Northern California safety-net ED.
  • Physical IPV was assessed using the Revised Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS2).
  • Data on patient and partner substance use, including frequency of intoxication and marijuana use, were collected and analyzed using multinomial logistic regression.

Main Results:

  • Bidirectional IPV was reported by 13.3% of patients, significantly higher than perpetration-only (3.8%) or victimization-only (6.2%).
  • Increased frequency of intoxication and marijuana use were associated with bidirectional IPV.
  • Patients with partners who problem-drink were at higher risk for victimization and bidirectional IPV.

Conclusions:

  • The majority of IPV cases in this ED population were bidirectional, highlighting the need to assess both perpetration and victimization.
  • Screening for IPV, substance use, and partner substance use is recommended for patients in relationships within the ED setting.
  • Emerging trends in marijuana legalization necessitate further research into its relationship with IPV.