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Otolaryngologic Disease in Down syndrome.
Marisa A Earley1, Erica T Sher1, Tess L Hill1
1UT Health San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive MC 7777, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
Pediatric Clinics of North America
|March 26, 2022
Summary
Pediatric otolaryngologists frequently manage Trisomy 21 patients, addressing airway obstruction, ear conditions, and anesthetic needs. Early assessments for swallowing, sleep apnea, and hearing are crucial for effective treatment and surgical intervention.
Area of Science:
- Otolaryngology
- Genetics
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Trisomy 21, the most common chromosomal abnormality, presents unique challenges for otolaryngologists.
- Patients with Trisomy 21 often experience airway obstruction, otologic conditions, and endocrine disorders requiring specialized care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline key otolaryngologic considerations for managing patients with Trisomy 21.
- To highlight the importance of early and comprehensive evaluations for this patient population.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on Trisomy 21 management in otolaryngology.
- Discussion of established and emerging diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
Main Results:
- Early instrumental swallowing assessment is increasingly supported.
- Drug-induced sleep endoscopy during initial sleep apnea surgery is beneficial.
- Concurrent upper and lower airway evaluation is recommended.
- Prompt otologic management, including hearing rehabilitation, is essential.
Conclusions:
- A multidisciplinary approach is vital for optimizing outcomes in Trisomy 21 patients.
- Proactive otolaryngologic care, encompassing airway, hearing, and swallowing, significantly impacts patient well-being.
Keywords:
Down syndromeDysphagiaHearing lossObstructive sleep apneaOtolaryngologyTrisomy 21Upper airway obstructionMore Related Videos
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