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Syphilis in Ottawa: An evolving epidemic.

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Infectious syphilis cases in Ottawa surged from 2010-2019, particularly among men who have sex with men and expanding into heterosexual populations. Public health must adapt to these evolving syphilis trends.

Keywords:
antenatal syphilissurveillance datasyphilissyphilis priority groups

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Infectious syphilis incidence declined nationally but resurged in Ottawa starting in 2001.
  • The epidemic initially impacted gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (gbMSM), but has recently spread to heterosexual groups.
  • An increase in pregnant women diagnosed with syphilis during antenatal screening highlights the evolving transmission dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the changing epidemiology of infectious syphilis in Ottawa.
  • To inform and strengthen primary care management strategies.
  • To enhance public health responses to the ongoing syphilis epidemic.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized surveillance data from the Ontario Ministry of Health (2010-2019).
  • Conducted a comprehensive chart review of infectious syphilis cases diagnosed between 2015 and 2019.
  • Described the evolving epidemiological trends of syphilis in the Ottawa region.

Main Results:

  • Infectious syphilis cases in Ottawa rose from 50 in 2010 to 171 in 2019.
  • Syphilis rates remained high among males, increasing from 10.9 to 30.9 per 100,000.
  • Rates among females increased from 0.4 to 3.2 per 100,000, with a corresponding rise in antenatal screening positives.

Conclusions:

  • Ongoing surveillance is vital for managing the evolving syphilis epidemic in Ottawa.
  • Public health resources need to support both established and emerging affected populations.
  • Flexible public health strategies are essential to support clinicians caring for diverse patient groups.