Orthognathic surgery in patients with systemic diseases

Area of Science:

• Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
• Craniofacial Surgery
• Patient Safety

Background:

• Orthognathic surgery corrects jaw and facial irregularities.
• Patients with systemic diseases, syndromic conditions, or oncological history present unique challenges.
• Assessing surgical risks in these patient groups is crucial for optimal outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the safety and outcomes of orthognathic surgery in patients with specific underlying health conditions.
• To identify the incidence of complications and contraindications in this patient population.
• To provide evidence-based insights for surgical decision-making in complex cases.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective review of orthognathic surgery patients at a tertiary center (2013-2020).
• Exclusion of patients with cleft lip/palate, craniofacial, or reconstructive surgery needs.
• Categorization of patients into systemic disease, syndromic condition, or oncological disease groups; data collection on complications and contraindications.

Main Results:

• 7.6% of orthognathic patients (80/1049) had an underlying disorder.
• Complication rates were 10% for systemic disease, 36% for syndromic conditions, and 0% for oncological disease.
• Contraindications for surgery due to medical conditions were rare (0.3%).

Conclusions:

• Orthognathic surgery demonstrates a low complication rate in patients with systemic diseases, syndromic conditions, or oncological history.
• Medical contraindications for orthognathic surgery in these complex patient groups are infrequent.
• The findings support the safety and feasibility of orthognathic surgery in carefully selected patients with underlying disorders.