People First, Data Second: A Humanitarian Research Framework for Fieldwork with Refugees by War Zones

Area of Science:

• Human-Computer Interaction (HCI)
• Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW)
• Humanitarian Technology
• Design Ethnography

Background:

• Wars create urgent crises demanding international HCI/CSCW community support.
• Limited research addresses conflict zones using context-based, participatory field methods and longitudinal partnerships.
• The Syrian War and the author's eight-year engagement with UNHCR Jordan highlight the need for specialized research frameworks.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose and explain Humanitarian Research as a framework for HCI/CSCW research in conflict zones.
• To guide scientists in conducting ethical and effective research with displaced populations.
• To address the challenges and ethical roles of HCI scientists in humanitarian contexts.

Main Methods:

• Drawing on eight years of design ethnography with UNHCR Jordan and the region.
• Applying a "People First, Data Second" principle.
• Illustrating the framework with examples from research in conflict zones.

Main Results:

• Humanitarian Research provides a structured approach for HCI/CSCW in conflict settings.
• The framework addresses the complexities of war, UNHCR's protection mandate, and research challenges.
• It clarifies the ethical roles and collaborations between HCI scientists and various stakeholders.

Conclusions:

• Humanitarian Research is essential for effective and ethical HCI/CSCW in conflict zones.
• The framework fosters collaboration among refugees, NGOs, country actors, and university IRBs.
• Prioritizing displaced persons' needs is crucial for impactful humanitarian technology research.