Oncogenic Fusions in Gliomas: An Institutional Experience
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Published on: January 14, 2014
Jiri Polivka1,2,3, Marian Svajdler4,5,6, Vladimir Priban7
1Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic.
Background/Aim:
Gliomas are primary malignancies of the central nervous system (CNS). High-grade gliomas are associated with poor prognosis and modest survival rates despite intensive multimodal treatment strategies. Targeting gene fusions is an emerging therapeutic approach for gliomas that allows application of personalized medicine principles. The aim of this study was to identify detectable fusion oncogenes that could serve as predictors of currently available or newly developed targeted therapeutics in cross-sectional samples from glioma patients using next-generation sequencing (NGS).
Patients And Methods:
A total of 637 patients with glial and glioneuronal tumours of the CNS who underwent tumour resection between 2017 and 2020 were enrolled. Detection of fusion transcripts in FFPE tumour tissue was performed by a TruSight Tumour 170 assay and two FusionPlex kits, Solid Tumour and Comprehensive Thyroid and Lung.
Results:
Oncogene fusions were identified in 33 patients. The most common fusion was the KIAA1549-BRAF fusion, detected in 13 patients, followed by FGFR fusions (FGFR1-TACC1, FGFR2-CTNNA3, FGFR3-TACC3, FGFR3-CKAP5, FGFR3-AMBRA1), identified in 10 patients. Other oncogene fusions were also infrequently diagnosed, including MET fusions (SRPK2-MET and PTPRZ1-MET) in 2 patients, C11orf95-RELA fusions in 2 patients, EGFR-SEPT14 fusion in 2 patients, and individual cases of SRGAP3-BRAF, RAF1-TRIM2, EWSR1-PALGL1 and TERT-ALK fusions.
Conclusion:
The introduction of NGS techniques provides additional information about tumour molecular alterations that can aid the multimodal management of glioma patients. Patients with gliomas positive for particular targetable gene fusions may benefit from experimental therapeutics, enhancing their quality of life and prolonging survival rates.
Insights
Next-generation sequencing identified 33 patients with detectable oncogene fusions in gliomas. These gene fusions, like KIAA1549-BRAF and FGFR fusions, can predict response to targeted therapies, improving glioma patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Neuro-oncology
- Molecular diagnostics
- Genomics
Background:
- Gliomas are primary central nervous system (CNS) cancers with poor prognoses.
- Current treatments offer limited survival benefits for high-grade gliomas.
- Targeting gene fusions represents a promising personalized medicine approach for glioma treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify detectable fusion oncogenes in glioma patients using next-generation sequencing (NGS).
- To establish gene fusions as potential biomarkers for targeted therapies in gliomas.
Main Methods:
- Analyzed 637 patients with glial and glioneuronal tumors.
- Utilized next-generation sequencing (NGS) with TruSight Tumor 170 and FusionPlex kits.
- Detected fusion transcripts in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor tissues.
Main Results:
- Identified oncogene fusions in 33 patients (approximately 5.2%).
- KIAA1549-BRAF fusion was the most common (13 patients).
- FGFR fusions were detected in 10 patients, with other fusions identified less frequently.
Conclusions:
- NGS provides crucial molecular insights for glioma management.
- Patients with targetable gene fusions may benefit from novel therapeutics.
- Identifying gene fusions can improve quality of life and survival rates for glioma patients.
