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Double ionophore application in cases with previous failed/low fertilization or poor embryo development.

Omar Shebl1, Elisabeth Reiter1, Sabine Enengl1

  • 1Kepler University, Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Gynecological Endocrinology, Krankenhausstrasse 26-30, Linz Upper Austria, Austria.

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Double ionophore application significantly improved blastocyst formation and clinical pregnancy rates in patients with prior failed single ionophore treatments. This enhanced IVF success for challenging cases.

Keywords:
Artificial oocyte activationBlastocyst formationCalcimycinCalcium ionophoreLow fertilization ratePoor embryo development

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive medicine
  • In vitro fertilization (IVF)
  • Embryology

Background:

  • Assisted reproductive technologies aim to improve pregnancy rates.
  • Oocyte activation and embryo development are critical for IVF success.
  • Ionophore treatment is used to address fertilization failure and poor embryo development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if a double ionophore application improves outcomes in IVF cycles where single ionophore application was unsuccessful.
  • To evaluate the impact of double ionophore treatment on fertilization, cleavage, blastocyst formation, implantation, and pregnancy rates.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 79 patients with a history of failed oocyte activation or poor embryo development.
  • Comparison of outcomes between cycles with single ionophore application (control) and double ionophore application (study).
  • Double ionophore application involved two doses of calcimycin separated by 30 minutes.

Main Results:

  • No significant difference in overall fertilization rates between single and double ionophore cycles.
  • Significant improvements in cleavage and blastocyst formation rates with double ionophore application (P=0.020 and P=0.018, respectively).
  • Significantly higher implantation, biochemical, and clinical pregnancy rates with double ionophore application (P<0.001 for all).

Conclusions:

  • Double ionophore application may enhance blastocyst formation and clinical pregnancy rates following failed single ionophore treatments.
  • The benefits were observed regardless of whether the ionophore was used for fertilization or embryo development issues.
  • Further research is needed to definitively rule out benefits from repeated single ionophore treatment.