Multifocal hepatic small vessel neoplasm with spleen dissemination

Area of Science:

• Hepatology
• Vascular Oncology
• Pathology

Background:

• Hepatic small vessel neoplasm (HSVN) is a recently identified, rare, infiltrative vascular tumor of the liver.
• The malignant potential and metastatic capacity of HSVN remain largely undetermined, with limited cases reported.
• Current literature primarily describes asymptomatic, solitary liver lesions, with multifocal disease being uncommon.

Observation:

• This report presents a rare case of multifocal hepatic small vessel neoplasm.
• The patient exhibited synchronous secondary lesions in the spleen, indicating potential for extrahepatic dissemination.
• This observation challenges the previously understood limited spread of HSVN.

Findings:

• The case demonstrates multifocal hepatic small vessel neoplasm.
• Synchronous spleen metastases were identified, representing the first reported instance of HSVN dissemination to another organ.
• This finding suggests a higher malignant potential for HSVN than previously recognized.

Implications:

• This case expands the understanding of hepatic small vessel neoplasm's behavior and metastatic potential.
• It highlights the importance of considering HSVN in the differential diagnosis of liver vascular lesions, especially in multifocal presentations.
• Further research is warranted to elucidate the oncogenesis and clinical management of HSVN with metastatic potential.