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Physical activity and muscle training in the elderly.
Acta Medica Scandinavica. Supplementum
|January 1, 1986
Summary
Physical activity in older adults shows age-related declines in muscle and aerobic capacity. However, regular exercise can improve strength and endurance, even in those over 70.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Exercise Physiology
- Sports Medicine
Background:
- Aging is associated with a natural decline in muscle volume, strength, and aerobic capacity.
- Physical activity levels in the elderly are often linked to daily habits and perceived exertion.
- Muscle structure undergoes moderate changes up to age 70, with more significant alterations at higher ages.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present a classification scale for physical activity in the elderly.
- To investigate the effects of aging on physical capacity and muscle structure.
- To explore the potential for physical training to enhance physical function in older adults.
Main Methods:
- Development and application of a six-graded scale for classifying physical activity.
- Assessment of muscle volume, strength, and aerobic capacity in relation to age.
- Evaluation of muscle structure and enzymatic capacity in response to training.
Main Results:
- Maximal aerobic power and muscle strength can be improved through physical training in the elderly.
- Adaptations in muscle structure and enzymatic capacity are observed with training, even up to age 70.
- Highly trained 70-year-old men exhibit elevated oxidative enzymes and high aerobic power.
Conclusions:
- Physical exercise is beneficial for the prevention and rehabilitation of age-related physical decline.
- Maintaining or improving physical activity is recommended for the elderly to counteract aging effects.
- Even at advanced ages, significant improvements in physical capacity are achievable through consistent training.