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The gene encoding the main signaling molecules of the Wnt signaling pathways (the Wnt proteins) was discovered almost four decades ago by Nüsslein-Volhard and Wieschaus. They identified and originally named the gene "wingless" (wg) after a phenotype discovered during their landmark genetic screen in Drosophila for body pattern defects. At around the same time, another researcher named Harold Varmus found that a murine tumor virus activates the mammalian wg homolog, Int-1, which...
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Wnt is a zygotic effect gene that is expressed during very early embryonic development. It regulates various processes in animals starting from early development through the adult stage, such as organogenesis in the embryo and maintenance of neuronal and blood stem cells. Wnt proteins can induce a wide variety of intracellular pathways depending upon the specific abilities of different Wnt ligands to form a complex with shared and cognate receptors in the presence of different co-receptors. The...
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Invadosome is a broad category of cell surface structures with proteolytic activity that  degrades the extracellular matrix (ECM). Invadosomes are present in normal cell types, including macrophages, endothelial cells, and neurons, as well as tumor cells. Although the macrophage podosomes and tumor cell invadopodia are classified as invadosomes, they have different structures, molecular pathways, and functions. Podosomes are short structures that last for a few minutes. However,...
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Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
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Cell migration is a process by which the cells move from one location to another, playing an essential role in embryological development, repair and regeneration, immune response, and metastasis. Cells migrate in response to chemical or mechanical signals generated by specific organs or tissues. The overall mechanism includes three steps - polarization, protrusion, and release. Polarization involves the formation of a distinct cell front and rear, which determines the direction of movement.
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The cadherins are a superfamily of cell adhesion molecules comprising over 180 variants, with specific tissues expressing a particular combination of cadherin types. Cadherins generally exhibit homophilic binding; i.e., cadherins on one cell bind to cadherins of the same or closely related type on another cell. Thus, cells of the same type have a specific affinity to bind to each other and sort themselves into clusters to form tissues.
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BAP31 Regulates Wnt Signaling to Modulate Cell Migration in Lung Cancer.

Tianye Li1, Zhenzhen Hao1, Zihan Tang1

  • 1College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China.

Frontiers in Oncology
|April 1, 2022
PubMed
Summary

B-cell receptor-associated protein 31 (BAP31) overexpression drives lung cancer migration. Inhibiting BAP31 reduces migration and enhances cell death, potentially through Wnt signaling pathways.

Keywords:
BAP31autophagycancermigrationβ-catenin

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • B-cell receptor-associated protein 31 (BAP31) is overexpressed in various cancers.
  • Understanding BAP31's role in lung cancer progression is crucial for therapeutic development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the function of BAP31 in lung cancer cell migration.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying BAP31's effect on lung cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized BAP31 knockdown (siRNA) in lung cancer cell lines.
  • Administered TGFβ and Wnt signaling activator BIO for treatment.
  • Performed cell migration assays, proliferation assays, cell cycle analysis, and gene expression analysis (Bax/Bcl2, MLKL, LC3, β-catenin).

Main Results:

  • BAP31 knockdown significantly reduced lung cancer cell migration.
  • TGFβ treatment in BAP31 knockdown cells showed decreased migration, increased cell death, and G0/G1 phase arrest.
  • BAP31 knockdown affected TGFβ-induced proliferation and altered expression of apoptosis and autophagy markers.
  • BAP31 knockdown suppressed TGFβ-induced β-catenin nuclear localization, indicating Wnt pathway involvement.
  • Wnt pathway activation (BIO) rescued proliferation defects caused by BAP31 knockdown.

Conclusions:

  • BAP31 plays a critical role in regulating lung cancer cell migration.
  • BAP31 influences cell death mechanisms and proliferation.
  • BAP31's effect on migration is potentially mediated through the Wnt signaling pathway.