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Functional Brain Connectivity in Mild Cognitive Impairment With Sleep Disorders: A Study Based on Resting-State

Yuxi Luo1, Mengyuan Qiao1, Yuqing Liang1

  • 1Department of Geriatrics, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.

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|April 1, 2022
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Summary

Patients with both mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and sleep disorders (SD) exhibit distinct brain network connectivity changes compared to those with MCI or SD alone. These findings suggest broader functional disconnection and compensatory brain recruitment in comorbid MCI-SD.

Keywords:
default-mode networkfunctional compensationfunctional connectivitymild cognitive impairmentprecuneussleep disorder

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a transitional stage between normal aging and dementia.
  • Sleep disorders (SD) are increasingly recognized as potential contributors to cognitive decline.
  • Understanding the interplay between MCI and SD is crucial for developing targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of sleep disorders on brain network dysfunction in mild cognitive impairment.
  • To compare brain network connectivity patterns in patients with MCI, SD, and comorbid MCI-SD.
  • To elucidate the unique neural characteristics of comorbid MCI-SD.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS-fMRI) in 60 participants (20 each: MCI, SD, MCI-SD).
  • Employed independent component analysis (ICA) to extract the default-mode network (DMN).
  • Calculated and compared regional functional connectivity strengths among the three groups.

Main Results:

  • MCI-SD patients showed weaker DMN connectivity in specific regions (e.g., left middle frontal gyrus) but stronger connectivity in others (e.g., left parahippocampus) compared to MCI patients.
  • Compared to the SD group, MCI-SD patients exhibited altered connectivity in regions including the right transverse temporal gyrus and posterior cerebellum.
  • These findings highlight unique alterations in brain network connectivity specific to the comorbid MCI-SD condition.

Conclusions:

  • Comorbid MCI-SD presents unique brain network connectivity patterns distinct from MCI or SD alone.
  • These unique patterns likely indicate broader functional disconnection within the brain.
  • The observed changes suggest the brain's attempt to recruit additional regions for functional compensation in MCI-SD.