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Sex-specific multivariate morphology/performance relationships in Anolis carolinensis.
Monique Nouailhetas Simon1, Ann M Cespedes2, Simon P Lailvaux3
1Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, University of São Paulo, 277 Rua do Matão, São Paulo, SP 05508-090, Brazil.
The Journal of Experimental Biology
|April 1, 2022
Summary
Male and female green anoles show distinct links between their body structure and how well they perform tasks. These differences highlight how sex-specific ecological pressures shape animal performance and evolution.
Area of Science:
- Evolutionary biology
- Comparative biomechanics
- Animal morphology
Background:
- Animal survival and reproduction depend on performance traits, which are linked to morphology.
- Performance traits are influenced by multiple demands, sexual conflict, and functional trade-offs.
- Understanding morphology-performance links requires a multivariate approach considering integrated phenotypes and ecology.
Purpose of the Study:
- To estimate the multivariate morphology→performance gradient in wild-caught green anoles (Anolis carolinensis).
- To investigate sex-specific relationships between morphology and diverse performance traits.
- To determine if sex differences exist in performance integration.
Main Methods:
- Measured external morphology and limb musculature in green anoles.
- Mapped morphological traits to seven performance traits: sprint speed, endurance, exertion distance, climbing power, jump power, cling force, and bite force.
- Employed a multivariate approach to analyze the morphology-performance relationship.
Main Results:
- Demonstrated significant differences in the multivariate mapping of morphology to performance between males and females.
- Indicated that sex-specific ecological demands likely shape these morphology-performance relationships.
- Found no significant sex differences in performance integration.
Conclusions:
- Morphology-performance relationships are shaped by sex-specific ecological pressures in green anoles.
- Sexual conflict and ecological factors drive divergence in how morphology influences performance between sexes.
- Despite divergent relationships, the integration of performance traits remains consistent across sexes.
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