Levator scapulae and rhomboid minor are united

Area of Science:

• Anatomy
• Musculoskeletal System
• Connective Tissue Research

Background:

• Pain at the superior angle of the scapula is a common issue, often radiating to the neck and head.
• The exact causes of this pain are frequently unknown (idiopathic).

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the fascial connections in the superior scapular region.
• To explore potential anatomical explanations for idiopathic superior scapular pain.

Main Methods:

• Dissection of 26 unembalmed bodies (Thiel and alcohol preserved).
• Histological analysis and plastination techniques.
• Examination of connective tissue linking the rhomboid minor and levator scapulae muscles.

Main Results:

• A distinct fascial network unites the rhomboid minor and levator scapulae muscles.
• This unified structure connects to the splenius capitis muscle cranially.
• The united muscles form a unit separate from, but overlapping with, the rhomboid major, attaching to the scapula's superior angle.

Conclusions:

• The interconnectedness of the levator scapulae and rhomboid minor muscles, via fascial connections, is detailed.
• This anatomical finding may elucidate the mechanisms behind idiopathic superior scapular pain.
• Understanding these connections could inform surgical and therapeutic interventions for scapular pain.