Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 28, 2025

Home-Based Prescribed Pulmonary Exercise in Patients with Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Published on: August 24, 2019
The Italian Version of the Severe Respiratory Insufficiency Questionnaire
Raffaele Scala1, Maximilian Wollsching-Strobel2, Sarah Bettina Schwarz2
1Pulmonology and Respiratory Intensive Care Unit, Cardio-Thoraco-Neuro-vascular Department, USL Toscana Sudest, S Donato Hospital, Arezzo, Italy.
Background:
The Severe Respiratory Insufficiency Questionnaire (SRI) is a multidimensional instrument for health-related quality of life (HRQL) assessment in patients with chronic respiratory failure (CRF). The SRI has originally been developed in German in 2003, but 15 translated versions have been created during the last 18 years with the exclusion of the Italian translation.
Aims Of The Study:
The present project was aimed at creating an Italian version of the SRI.
Methods:
Professional forward-translation and back-translation procedures have been provided based on the original German version by independent translators, and this was followed by final reconciliation.
Results:
The Italian SRI contains 49 items covering 7 different subscales which can summarize to one Summary Score.
Conclusions:
The Italian SRI is a multidimensional instrument, which can be used for HRQL assessment in Italian-speaking patients with CRF. Validation of the Italian version of the questionnaire is formally required in the future.
Related Concept Videos
Respiratory Volumes and Capacities I
Assessment of Ventilation II: Respiratory Depth and Rhythm
Respiratory depth measures the volume of air inhaled or exhaled during a breath. It can vary from shallow to deep and typically remains consistent when a person is at rest or asleep. Occasionally, individuals will automatically inhale deeply, known as sighing, which inflates the lungs with more air than normal breathing.
To assess respiratory depth, observe the degree of chest excursion or movement:
Assessment of Ventilation I: Respiratory Rate
A Ventilation assessment is critical for monitoring a patient's health status. Respiration, one of the most accessible vital signs, provides insights into the function of numerous body systems and can indicate serious health issues, such as brainstem injuries from head trauma.
Critical Guidelines for Assessing Ventilation:
Respiratory Volumes and Capacities
Acute Respiratory Failure-II
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract II: Inspection
Chest Configuration
The chest configuration...

