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Structural brain network topological alterations in stuttering adults.

Vincent L Gracco^1,2, Anastasia G Sares³, Nabin Koirala¹

¹Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT, USA.

Brain Communications

|April 4, 2022

Summary

Persistent developmental stuttering involves widespread brain connectivity changes beyond sensorimotor areas. Adults who stutter show significant neural network adaptations, impacting speech fluency and cognitive functions.

Keywords:

community structures controllability diffusion-weighted imaging network-based statistics stuttering

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Speech and Hearing Science
Systems Biology

Background:

Persistent developmental stuttering is a complex speech disorder affecting fluency.
It involves sensorimotor, cognitive, and socioemotional challenges.
Understanding the neural underpinnings is crucial for effective interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate whole-brain structural connectome alterations in adults who stutter.
To analyze topological changes in brain networks.
To identify network adaptations associated with stuttering.

Main Methods:

Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) data from 33 participants (13 adults who stutter, 20 fluent speakers).
Network-based statistics (NBS) and graph theory for analyzing structural brain networks.
Community detection, hub analysis, and controllability measures.

Main Results:

Reliable, widespread decreases in brain connectivity observed in adults who stutter.
Altered connectivity spans sensorimotor, cognitive, emotional, and memory-related regions.
Distinct subnetworks and altered controllability in frontal regions and basal ganglia indicate significant neural adaptation.

Conclusions:

Adults who stutter exhibit extensive structural network alterations beyond sensorimotor systems.
Substantial adaptation in neural architecture is evident in adults who stutter.
Findings emphasize the neurodevelopmental impact of stuttering on neural organization.