Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata. A case report and literature review

Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata is a rare disorder characterized by the presence of multiple small nodules, consisting of benign smooth muscle, scattered over the abdominopelvic viscera and peritoneum. The case described below is the 21st reported in the medical literature to our knowledge. The condition generally occurs in menstruating, parous women in the third decade of life, and the symptoms are similar to those of uterine leiomyomata. There is a very high association with excess exogenous and endogenous female gonadal steroids, specifically estrogen and progesterone. Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata is a benign condition for which conservative management is indicated, particularly if fertility is desired.