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Related Concept Videos

What is Homeostasis?01:16

What is Homeostasis?

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Maintaining homeostasis requires that the body continuously maintain its internal conditions. Each physiological condition has a particular set point, from body temperature to blood pressure to levels of certain nutrients. A set point is the physiological value around which the normal range fluctuates. A normal range is a restricted set of values that is optimally healthful and stable. For example, the set point for normal human body temperature is approximately 37°C (98.6°F).
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Autoregulation of Blood Flow01:17

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Autoregulation mechanisms are characterized by their inherent capacity for self-regulation without necessitating specific nervous stimulation or endocrine control. These mechanisms facilitate the adjustment of blood flow and, therefore, perfusion specific to each tissue region. This self-regulation encompasses chemical signals and myogenic controls.
Chemical Signaling in Autoregulation
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Neural Regulation of Blood Pressure01:18

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The neural regulation of blood pressure involves intricate interactions between the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and cardiovascular system, ensuring adequate perfusion of tissues. This regulation primarily occurs through baroreceptor and chemoreceptor reflexes, involving both short-term and long-term mechanisms.
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MicroRNAs01:22

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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Using a Microfluidics Device for Mechanical Stimulation and High Resolution Imaging of C. elegans
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MicroRNAs in Mechanical Homeostasis.

Jeremy A Herrera1, Martin A Schwartz2

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Mechanical homeostasis, crucial for tissue function, relies on microRNAs (miRNAs). Disruptions in miRNA biogenesis contribute to cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases, altering these essential feedback mechanisms.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Molecular Biology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Mechanical variables like stress and strain are vital for tissue function and cardiovascular/pulmonary system operation.
  • Mechanical homeostasis, a negative feedback system, maintains optimal physiological ranges.
  • Chronic diseases often involve disrupted homeostatic mechanisms, shifting towards positive feedback loops.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in maintaining mechanical homeostasis.
  • To explore how altered miRNA biogenesis contributes to cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review integrating current knowledge on miRNAs and mechanical homeostasis.
  • Analysis of studies linking miRNA perturbations to cardiovascular and pulmonary disease pathology.

Main Results:

  • MicroRNAs are essential regulators of mechanical homeostasis across various biological systems.
  • Perturbations in miRNA biogenesis are implicated in the progression of cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases.

Conclusions:

  • MicroRNAs play a critical role in preserving mechanical homeostasis.
  • Understanding miRNA involvement in disease is key for developing new therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular and pulmonary conditions.