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Recurrent Staphylococcus capitis Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis Presenting With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial

Islam M Shatla1, Fady Banno2, Ain Ejaz3

  • 1Internal Medicine, University of Missouri Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, USA.

Cureus
|April 7, 2022
PubMed

Insights

A rare case of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in a young male was caused by Staphylococcus capitis endocarditis. This highlights the importance of considering septic coronary embolism in patients with prosthetic valves and endocarditis.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Vascular Medicine

Background:

  • Prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) poses a significant risk for systemic embolization.
  • Septic coronary embolism is a rare but serious complication of infective endocarditis.

Observation:

  • A 32-year-old male with a history of multiple mechanical valve replacements presented with acute inferior ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
  • Coronary angiography showed occlusion of the distal left anterior descending artery, attributed to septic emboli.
  • Transesophageal echocardiography revealed a vegetation on the mitral prosthesis.

Findings:

  • Blood cultures identified Staphylococcus capitis as the causative agent of endocarditis.
  • The patient's presentation of STEMI was directly linked to septic emboli from PVE.
  • Staphylococcus capitis is an uncommon pathogen in PVE, yet it can lead to severe cardiac events.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the need to include Staphylococcus capitis endocarditis in the differential diagnosis for coronary artery embolism, particularly in patients with prosthetic valves.
  • Prompt diagnosis and management of PVE are crucial to prevent life-threatening complications like myocardial infarction.
  • Further research into the specific risks and management strategies for PVE caused by rare pathogens like S. capitis is warranted.
Keywords:
endocardititsprosthetic valve endocarditisrecurrent staphylococcus capitisst-segment elevation myocardial infarctionstaphylococcus capitis

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