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Updated: Sep 27, 2025

Simultaneous Quantification of Anti-vector and Anti-transgene-Specific CD8+ T Cells Via MHC I Tetramer Staining After Vaccination with a Viral Vector
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Memory B cell diversity: insights for optimized vaccine design

Joshua J C McGrath1, Lei Li1, Patrick C Wilson1

  • 1Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.

Trends in Immunology
|April 8, 2022
PubMed

The overarching logos of mammalian memory B cells (MBCs) is to cache the potential for enhanced antibody production upon secondary exposure to cognate antigenic determinants. However, substantial phenotypic diversity has been identified across MBCs, hinting at the existence of unique origins or subfunctions within this compartment. Herein, we discuss recent advancements in human circulatory MBC subphenotyping as driven by high-throughput cell surface marker analysis and other approaches, as well as speculated and substantiated subfunctions. With this in mind, we hypothesize that the relative induction of specific circulatory MBC subsets might be used as a biomarker for optimally durable vaccines and inform vaccination strategies to subvert antigenic imprinting in the context of highly mutable pathogens such as influenza virus or SARS-CoV-2.

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