Isosorbide dinitrate and pulsatile arterial haemodynamic variables in hypertension

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Medicine
• Pharmacology
• Hypertension Research

Background:

• Essential hypertension is a prevalent condition affecting cardiovascular health.
• Understanding the vascular effects of antihypertensive medications is crucial for treatment optimization.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the impact of sustained-release oral isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) on cerebral and forearm circulation in patients with essential hypertension.
• To assess the non-invasive hemodynamic and arterial properties following ISDN administration.

Main Methods:

• Pulsed Doppler velocimetry was used to measure blood flow and velocity in carotid and brachial arteries.
• Strain gauge arterial mechanography recorded forearm pulse wave velocity for compliance and impedance analysis.
• Hemodynamic parameters including blood pressure, heart rate, and vascular resistance were monitored.

Main Results:

• ISDN significantly reduced blood pressure without altering heart rate.
• Arterial diameter increased in both carotid and brachial arteries; forearm blood flow also increased.
• Vascular resistance decreased in both beds, with improved large artery compliance and reduced pulse wave velocity and impedance.

Conclusions:

• Sustained-release ISDN demonstrates potent antihypertensive effects.
• The medication induces significant vasodilation in both small and large arteries.
• ISDN improves pulsatile hemodynamics and arterial compliance in hypertensive individuals.