Patient Perceptions of Resident Involvement in Surgery: A Qualitative Study Using Surgical Video

To improve patient-centered perioperative informed consent, this study used real surgical footage to identify key topics which might be discussed with patients regarding resident involvement in surgery.

We conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews with 27 participants. The interviews included a video showing an attending and resident performing a procedure together. Questions focused on comfort with resident involvement and preferences regarding preoperative informed consent. Participants also described residents' participation in their own words.

Participants were recruited from the infusion room of the allergy clinic and the treatment room of the dialysis clinic at a tertiary care facility in Nashville, TN (Vanderbilt University Medical Center).

Adult medical patients were recruited via periodic verbal announcements by the interviewer in the waiting rooms. Purposive sampling was used to increase demographic diversity. Participants with training in the clinical health professions (i.e., physicians, nurses, and medical assistants) were excluded.

Before watching the video, roughly half of participants imagined the resident to have a passive, bystander role, while the remaining imagined a more active role. Despite these differences, most participants found the video of attending-resident teamwork to be a reassuring depiction of resident involvement. When asked the best way to describe resident participation depicted in the video to patients, participants emphasized the need to focus on attending supervision, teamwork, reassurance, as well as resident presence, specific activities, and experience.

Although patients have varying perceptions regarding the role of trainees in surgery, most participants were comfortable with teamwork between an attending and resident, as depicted in the video. Our participants provided multiple practical ways to transparently articulate resident involvement for testing in future research.