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COVID-19 Pneumonia After SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination with CoronaVac: A Case Series from Turkey
Mehmet Meriç Çoban1, Mehmet Nuri Yakar2, Murat Küçük3
1Department of Internal Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, Faculty of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey.
Abstract:
Coronavirus disease 2019 is a novel viral infection that has caused a pandemic globally. Many kinds of vaccine development studies were conducted to prevent the spread and deaths. The CoronaVac is the most commonly used vaccine in Turkey. Phase 3 trials from various countries revealed that CoronaVac efficacy ranged from 50.7% to 91.25% but increased in moderate or severe cases to 100%. Additionally, it was remarkable owing to high seroconversion rates achieving up to 100%. After the vaccine campaign began in Turkey, critically ill patients continued to admit to our center's intensive care unit though they had been vaccinated with 2 doses of CoronaVac. The clinical course of these patients revealed that they are still at high risk of severe disease and death. Therefore, we aimed to share these patients' clinical characteristics and disease course, laboratory, and radiologic data.
Insights
Despite high efficacy in trials, two doses of the CoronaVac vaccine did not fully prevent severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and death in some vaccinated individuals. Real-world data show continued risk for critical illness post-vaccination.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic necessitating effective vaccines.
- The CoronaVac vaccine, widely used in Turkey, demonstrated high efficacy in Phase 3 trials.
- Concerns arose as vaccinated individuals were admitted to intensive care units despite two doses.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of critically ill COVID-19 patients vaccinated with two doses of CoronaVac.
- To analyze laboratory and radiologic data in this patient cohort.
- To assess the real-world effectiveness of CoronaVac in preventing severe COVID-19 outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of critically ill COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care unit.
- Inclusion criteria: patients vaccinated with two doses of CoronaVac.
- Data collected included clinical course, laboratory results, and radiologic findings.
Main Results:
- Critically ill patients vaccinated with two doses of CoronaVac were admitted to the ICU.
- These patients remained at high risk for severe disease progression and mortality.
- Detailed clinical, laboratory, and radiologic data were compiled for analysis.
Conclusions:
- Two doses of CoronaVac may not fully prevent severe COVID-19, intensive care unit admission, or death in all individuals.
- Real-world observations indicate a continued risk of severe outcomes even after completing the initial vaccination schedule.
- Further research is needed to understand breakthrough infections and optimize vaccination strategies.
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