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Pneumoconiosis, a lung disease from inorganic particle accumulation, can cause varied reactions. This case highlights fibrotic and emphysematous changes from zirconium exposure in a dental technician.

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Medicine
  • Pulmonary Pathology

Background:

  • Pneumoconiosis results from inorganic particle inhalation, leading to lung tissue reactions.
  • Known fibrotic agents include silica and asbestos; non-fibrotic agents include iron and tin.
  • Radiological and clinical data on rare exposures like zirconium are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the pathoclinical and radiological findings of pneumoconiosis due to zirconium exposure.
  • To contribute to the literature on rare occupational lung diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a 52-year-old dental technician with a 26-year history of zirconium exposure.
  • High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the thorax was used for radiological assessment.

Main Results:

  • HRCT revealed prominent parenchymal emphysematous and fibrotic changes.
  • These changes were predominantly located in the upper lung zones.

Conclusions:

  • Zirconium exposure can lead to significant fibrotic and emphysematous lung changes.
  • This case report provides valuable radiological insights into zirconium-induced pneumoconiosis.