Flexural Creep Behaviour of Pultruded GFRP Composites Cross-Arm: A Comparative Study on the Effects of Stacking
Abdulrahman Alhayek1, Agusril Syamsir1,2, Abu Bakar Mohd Supian2
1Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang 43000, Malaysia.
Abstract:
Pultruded glass fibre reinforced polymer (pGFRP) composites provide outstanding properties for composite polymer cross arms in power transmission line applications. This study has investigated the effects of various stacking sequences of fibres directions of pGFRP on flexural strength and creep behaviour. The use of static four-point bending flexural tests revealed that Stacking Sequence 2 (±45/0/90/0/90/0) had a significant flexural strength of 399.9 MPa while Stacking Sequence 1 (±45/90/0/±45) had a flexural strength of 242.5 MPa. Furthermore, the four-point bending creep experiments were performed at three distinct stress levels, notably 12%, 24%, and 37% of the ultimate flexural strength, to characterise the creep behaviour of distinct stacking sequences. Moreover, Findley's power law equation for bending creep behaviour has revealed that the time-dependent reduction factor of Stacking Sequence 1 and Stacking Sequence 2 estimates a drop in flexural modulus of 23% and 10% respectively.
Related Concept Videos
Effects of Creep
Flexural Stress
Hooke's Law states that within the material's elastic limits, stress is directly proportional to strain. In a member experiencing a bending moment, the strain at any point is relative to...
Stresses under Combined Loadings
The process begins by slicing the tube at critical points and analyzing the internal forces and stress components at these sections, focusing on the centroid. Normal stresses, generated by axial forces and bending moments, are either compressive or tensile and vary across the section from...
Creep in Concrete
Design of Prismatic Beams for Bending
Deformation of a Beam under Transverse Loading
The insights from the bending moment diagram extend to...


