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Threshold Uniformity Improvement in 1b Quanta Image Sensor Readout Circuit.

Zhaoyang Yin^1,2, Jiaju Ma², Saleh Masoodian²

¹Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

|April 12, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A novel readout architecture for single-bit quanta image sensors (QIS) uses a capacitive transimpedance amplifier (CTIA) to significantly improve threshold uniformity. This innovation enhances performance in high-speed image sensing applications.

Keywords:

1-bit quantizer high speed low noise readout cluster uniformity single-bit quanta image sensor (QIS)

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Area of Science:

* Solid-state device physics
* Image sensor technology
* Low-power electronics

Background:

* Previous single-bit quanta image sensors (QIS) suffered from threshold non-uniformity in readout clusters.
* This non-uniformity was attributed to common-mode voltage fluctuations at the quantizer input.
* Addressing this limitation is crucial for advancing QIS performance.

Purpose of the Study:

* To propose a new readout architecture for single-bit QIS.
* To improve threshold uniformity and stability in QIS readout.
* To reduce power consumption in high-speed QIS operation.

Main Methods:

* Integration of a capacitive transimpedance amplifier (CTIA) before the 1-bit quantizer.
* Implementation of a pipeline operation mode for simultaneous CTIA and ADC function.
* Fabrication and testing of a 2048 × 1024 test chip using 45 nm/65 nm BSI CMOS image sensor process.

Main Results:

* Demonstrated excellent threshold uniformity (0.3 to 0.8 e-) across readout clusters.
* Achieved 500 frames per second (fps) equivalent timing.
* Reported low power consumption of 68 mW.

Conclusions:

* The proposed CTIA-based readout architecture effectively mitigates threshold non-uniformity in single-bit QIS.
* The pipeline operation mode enhances power efficiency.
* The results validate the architecture for high-speed, low-power image sensing applications.