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Measles Vaccination and Outbreaks in Croatia from 2001 to 2019; A Comparative Study to Other European Countries

Ines Drenjančević1,2, Senka Samardžić3, Ana Stupin1,2

  • 1Institute and Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
|April 12, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccination rates are declining in Europe, increasing epidemic risk. Full vaccination protocols, especially revaccination, are crucial for public health protection against measles outbreaks.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health
  • Immunization

Background:

  • Global health challenges like COVID-19, increased migration, and travel heighten the risk of measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) outbreaks.
  • Monitoring MMR immunization coverage and measles incidence is vital for public health preparedness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze epidemiological data on MMR immunization coverage and measles cases in Croatia and other European countries from 2001 to 2019.
  • To investigate the correlation between vaccination coverage and measles incidence.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of epidemiological data on MMR vaccination coverage and measles cases.
  • Statistical analysis to determine correlations between vaccination rates and measles incidence.

Main Results:

  • A declining trend in MMR vaccination coverage was observed across Europe between 2001 and 2019.
  • Croatia and Hungary maintained high primary and revaccination coverage rates compared to other European nations.
  • A significant negative correlation was found between revaccination coverage and the number of measles cases (r = -0.445, p < 0.0001), while primary vaccination showed no significant correlation.

Conclusions:

  • Completing the full MMR vaccination protocol, including revaccination, is essential for effective protection against measles outbreaks.
  • Documenting migrant populations and facilitating timely vaccination are critical public health strategies to prevent future epidemics in the context of ongoing migration.
Keywords:
CroatiaEuropemeasles-rubella-mumps vaccination

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