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Optimization of Urban Shelter Locations Using Bi-Level Multi-Objective Location-Allocation Model
1Key Laboratory of Ecology and Energy-Saving Study of Dense Habitat (Ministry of Education), College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
Summary
Optimizing shelter locations is crucial for disaster resilience. This study introduces an AEE model to improve evacuation efficiency and shelter use, balancing economic and social factors for sustainable urban development.
Area of Science:
- Urban Planning
- Disaster Management
- Operations Research
Background:
- Increasing frequency of global natural disasters necessitates improved urban resilience.
- Shelters are vital public facilities requiring strategic planning and layout optimization.
- Existing models lack comprehensive consideration of economic sustainability and social utility in shelter site selection.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a bi-level, multi-objective location-allocation model for optimizing shelter site selection.
- To enhance economic sustainability and social utility in urban disaster preparedness.
- To provide a scientific decision-making framework for shelter investment and planning.
Main Methods:
- Constructed an accessibility, economy, and efficiency (AEE) model based on sequential decision logic.
- Integrated location theory and reviewed existing shelter site selection models.
- Introduced the gravity model to simulate evacuee decision-making behavior.
Main Results:
- The AEE model demonstrates high practicability and operability in shelter site selection and investment.
- Achieved global optimization of evacuation time and maximized shelter utilization efficiency.
- Successfully balanced financial constraints with evacuation needs and shelter capacity.
Conclusions:
- The AEE model offers an effective method for multi-objective shelter location optimization.
- The study provides a scientific approach to reduce disaster losses and improve urban sustainable development.
- Enhanced shelter planning contributes to greater urban resilience and public safety.
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