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Related Concept Videos

The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

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Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
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Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells

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Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
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Cancer02:18

Cancer

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Cancers arise due to mutations in genes involved in the regulation of cell division, which leads to unrestricted cell proliferation. Modern science and medicine have made great strides in the understanding and treatment of cancer, including eradicating cancer in some patients. However, there is still no cure for cancer. This is largely due to the fact that cancer is a large group of many diseases.
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Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance02:40

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

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Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 27, 2025

Bioluminescent Bacterial Imaging In Vivo
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Bioluminescent Bacterial Imaging In Vivo

Published on: November 4, 2012

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Bacteria benefit tumor cells.

Amy E Baek1

  • 1Science Signaling, AAAS, Washington, DC 20005, USA.

Science Signaling
|April 12, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Intracellular bacteria were found to significantly improve the survival rates of circulating tumor cells. This discovery highlights a novel mechanism impacting cancer metastasis and patient prognosis.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Microbiology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are key mediators of cancer metastasis.
  • The survival mechanisms of CTCs in circulation remain incompletely understood.
  • Bacterial infections are increasingly recognized for their complex interactions with cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of intracellular bacteria in the survival of CTCs.
  • To elucidate the impact of bacterial presence on CTC viability and metastatic potential.

Main Methods:

  • Co-culture of tumor cells with intracellular bacteria.
  • Analysis of CTC survival rates using flow cytometry and imaging techniques.
  • Assessment of metastatic seeding in preclinical models.

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Measuring Growth and Gene Expression Dynamics of Tumor-Targeted S. Typhimurium Bacteria

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Studying the Effects of Tumor-Secreted Paracrine Ligands on Macrophage Activation using Co-Culture with Permeable Membrane Supports
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Studying the Effects of Tumor-Secreted Paracrine Ligands on Macrophage Activation using Co-Culture with Permeable Membrane Supports

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Measuring Growth and Gene Expression Dynamics of Tumor-Targeted S. Typhimurium Bacteria
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Studying the Effects of Tumor-Secreted Paracrine Ligands on Macrophage Activation using Co-Culture with Permeable Membrane Supports
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Main Results:

  • CTCs harboring intracellular bacteria exhibited significantly enhanced survival in circulation compared to bacteria-free CTCs.
  • Bacterial presence within CTCs was associated with reduced apoptosis and increased resistance to anoikis.
  • Infection with intracellular bacteria promoted the formation of distant metastases.

Conclusions:

  • Intracellular bacteria represent a novel factor that promotes CTC survival.
  • Targeting bacterial presence within CTCs could offer new therapeutic strategies to inhibit metastasis.