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Issues And Trends In Healthcare Delivery System01:29

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The issues and trends in healthcare delivery are constantly changing. The COVID-19 pandemic is one recent issue that wreaked havoc on healthcare systems, causing a shortage of healthcare workers, high demand for medicines and supplies, and increased medical expenditure due to a lack of insurance. Other issues include rising healthcare costs and care fragmentation.
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Trends in Health Disparities of Rural Latinos Pre- and Post-Accountable Care Organization Implementation.

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Health disparities in diabetes-related hospitalizations decreased for rural Latino older adults compared to White counterparts. Medicare Accountable Care Organization participation by Rural Health Clinics showed a significant impact on reducing these disparities.

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Area of Science:

  • Health Services Research
  • Health Disparities
  • Rural Health

Background:

  • The U.S. Latino population is growing and faces high risks for diabetes complications.
  • Diabetes complications are serious and costly to patients and the U.S. healthcare system.
  • Monitoring health disparities and identifying well-being factors for the Latino population is critical.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare health disparities in diabetes among rural Latino older adults and non-Latino White patients.
  • To investigate the impact of Medicare Accountable Care Organization (ACO) participation by Rural Health Clinics (RHCs) on these disparities.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal investigation using a pre-post design over eight years (2008-2015).
  • Analysis of data from a nationwide panel of 2,683 RHCs.
  • Examination of a subset of 116 RHCs in Florida, Texas, and California participating in Medicare ACOs.

Main Results:

  • A decrease in mean disparities in diabetes-related hospitalization rates was observed nationwide and in the three-state sample.
  • A statistically significant difference in mean disparities was found when comparing the period before and after Medicare ACO implementation in 2012.

Conclusions:

  • Diabetes-related hospitalization disparities for rural Latino older adults have shown a decrease over the study period.
  • Medicare ACO participation by RHCs may be a contributing factor to reducing these disparities.
  • Further research is needed to identify specific contributors to reduced hospitalization disparities.