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Trends in Health in Midlife and Late Life
Péter Hudomiet1, Michael D Hurd1,2,3, Susann Rohwedder1,3
1RAND Corporation, 1776 Main Street, P.O. Box 2138, Santa Monica, CA 90407-2138, U.S.A.
Journal of Human Capital
|April 14, 2022
Summary
Life expectancy gains are slowing, and health is worsening, particularly for those under 70. Health disparities are widening, suggesting future increases in mortality rates and inequalities.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Recent trends show a slowdown in life expectancy gains.
- Mortality inequalities have been increasing.
- Health trends may predict future mortality patterns.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if health trends at ages 55-89 mirror mortality trends.
- To assess health changes as an early indicator of future mortality evolution.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of health outcomes in individuals aged 55 to 89.
- Examination of data from 1992 to 2016.
- Comparison of health differentials across education groups.
Main Results:
- Many health outcomes worsened between 1992 and 2016.
- Health deterioration was more pronounced at ages below 70.
- Health disparities between low and high education groups widened in recent cohorts.
Conclusions:
- Observed health trends suggest a pessimistic outlook for future mortality rates.
- Widening health differentials indicate increasing future mortality inequalities.
- Health monitoring can serve as a crucial early warning system for population health.
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