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Nanoplasmonic multiplex biosensing for COVID-19 vaccines
Riccardo Funari1, Hidehiro Fukuyama2, Amy Q Shen3
1Micro/Bio/Nanofluidics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan; Dipartimento di Fisica "M. Merlin", Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, 70125, Italy.
A new nanoplasmonic biosensor offers a cost-effective, high-throughput method for multiplex antibody detection against viral antigens like SARS-CoV-2. This technology aids rapid vaccine development and diagnostics by profiling humoral immune responses.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Nanotechnology
- Immunology
Background:
- Emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants necessitate rapid vaccine development and diagnostics.
- Accurate, high-throughput measurement of antibody responses is crucial for effective strategies.
- Existing serological methods can be costly and time-consuming for multiplex analysis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a cost-effective, easy-to-use multiplex nanoplasmonic biosensor.
- To capture and analyze the humoral immune response against multiple antigens simultaneously.
- To provide a proof-of-concept for rapid antibody profiling.
Main Methods:
- Utilized localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of gold nanostructures for sensing.
- Immobilized antigens onto distinct sensing areas using a biotin-streptavidin system.
- Validated the platform by detecting monoclonal antibodies and murine sera against influenza hemagglutinins and SARS-CoV-2 Spike RBD.
Main Results:
- Successfully demonstrated multiplex detection of antibodies against three different antigens.
- Measured humoral response in murine sera post-immunization, correlating well with ELISA results.
- Validated the nanoplasmonic assay's capability for multiple serum antibody profiling.
Conclusions:
- The developed multiplex nanoplasmonic biosensor is a viable alternative to existing serological assays.
- This platform shows potential for high-throughput screening in vaccine development and diagnostics.
- Integration with microfluidics could further enhance its application for infectious disease research.
