Production of cellulose nanofibrils and films from elephant grass using deep eutectic solvents and a solid acid
Xi-Que Wu1, Pan-Dao Liu2, Qun Liu1
1Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Resource Utilization and Environmental Protection, School of Science, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University Haikou 570228 PR China xuwr2016@hainanu.edu.cn.
Abstract:
A new strategy was developed to produce cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) and films from raw elephant grass using deep eutectic solvents and a recyclable spent coffee-derived solid acid (SC-SO3H) catalyst with assistance of ultrasonic disintegration and a suction filtration film forming method. The effects of a solid acid and reused solid acid were comprehensively studied by comparing with catalyst-free conditions and using sulfuric acid as the catalyst. The CNF fibers obtained from this novel SC-SO3H catalyst method showed the longest fiber length. The corresponding films achieved the strongest tensile strength of 79.8 MPa and the elongation at break of 13.6%, and best thermostability. In addition, the performance of CNFs and films prepared by the fourth recovered SC-SO3H-4 catalyst was close to that obtained with the first use. The SC-SO3H could be reused by a simple decantation method, meaning this novel method has the potential for green and sustainable preparation of CNFs and films.
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