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Related Concept Videos

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DNA probes are fragments of DNA labeled with a reporter tag to enable their detection or purification. The resulting labeled DNA probes can then hybridize to target nucleic acid sequences through complementary base-pairing, and may be used to recover or identify these regions.
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In situ hybridization (ISH) is a technique used to detect and localize specific DNA or RNA molecules in cells, tissue, or tissue sections using a labeled probe. The technique was first used in 1969 for the investigation of nucleic acids. It is currently an essential tool in scientific research and clinical settings, especially for diagnostic purposes.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 27, 2025

Author Spotlight: Advancements in DNA Nanosensors &#8211; Addressing Sensitivity and Selectivity Challenges in Molecular Detection
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Molecularly resolved, label-free nucleic acid sensing at solid-liquid interface using non-ionic DNA analogues.

Tanushree Mana1, Jayanta Kundu2, Hiya Lahiri1

  • 1School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science Jadavpur Kolkata 700 032 India bcrm@iacs.res.in +91 33 2473 2805 +91 33 2473 4971 extn 1506.

RSC Advances
|April 15, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Morpholino (MO) and peptide nucleic acid (PNA) probes offer superior nucleic acid sensing compared to DNA probes. MO probes demonstrated the best single-nucleobase mismatch discrimination in label-free force spectroscopy.

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A Polyaniline-based Sensor of Nucleic Acids
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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Nucleic acid-based biosensors utilize DNA or xeno nucleic acid (XNA) probes for clinical information.
  • Traditional DNA probes have limitations, making XNA probes attractive alternatives.
  • Non-ionic XNA probes like peptide nucleic acid (PNA) and morpholino (MO) offer advantages such as reduced electrostatic repulsion and nuclease resistance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the molecularly resolved nucleic acid sensing capabilities of PNA and MO capture probes.
  • To compare the performance of PNA and MO probes against traditional DNA probes.
  • To investigate the effect of backbone variations on probe performance in nucleic acid sensing.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a fluorescent label-free single molecule force spectroscopy approach.
  • Employed PNA and MO as capture probes for nucleic acid sensing.
  • Compared the single nucleobase mismatch discrimination of PNA, MO, and DNA probes.

Main Results:

  • Both PNA and MO probes exhibited enhanced single-nucleobase mismatch discrimination compared to DNA probes.
  • Morpholino (MO) probes demonstrated the highest performance in discriminating single-nucleobase mismatches.
  • The conformational rigidity of the MO backbone is proposed as a key factor for its superior performance.

Conclusions:

  • Non-ionic XNA probes, specifically MO and PNA, show significant potential for advanced nucleic acid sensing.
  • Morpholino probes offer superior performance in molecularly resolved nucleic acid detection, outperforming PNA and DNA.
  • This study presents the first report on molecularly resolved nucleic acid sensing using non-ionic MO and PNA capture probes.