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Engineering Artificial Factors to Specifically Manipulate Alternative Splicing in Human Cells
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Engineering Artificial Factors to Specifically Manipulate Alternative Splicing in Human Cells

Published on: April 26, 2017

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Mechanisms of non-coding RNA-modulated alternative splicing in cancer

Xiaolin Wang1,2,3,4, Jinghan Hua1,2, Jingxin Li2

  • 1High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science (Hips), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China.

RNA Biology
|April 15, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Alternative splicing (AS) is crucial for gene expression, and its dysregulation drives cancer. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) like miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs significantly influence AS in human cancers, impacting tumorigenesis.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Alternative splicing (AS) is a fundamental mechanism in eukaryotic gene expression, generating diverse RNA transcripts from a single gene.
  • Aberrant AS is a recognized hallmark of cancer, contributing to all phases of tumorigenesis, including initiation and metastasis.
  • Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are increasingly implicated in the regulation of AS within the context of human cancers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms by which ncRNAs modulate AS in human cancers.
  • To summarize the regulatory roles of miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs in AS and tumorigenesis.
  • To provide an overview of ncRNA-mediated AS regulation in cancer development.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating ncRNAs and AS in human cancers.
  • Analysis of mechanisms through which miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs affect AS.
  • Synthesis of findings on the functional impact of ncRNA-modulated AS on tumorigenesis.

Main Results:

  • ncRNAs, including miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs, regulate AS through various molecular mechanisms.
  • These ncRNAs can influence splicing factor activity, RNA structure, and complex formation.
  • Dysregulated AS mediated by ncRNAs plays a significant role in cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis.

Conclusions:

  • ncRNAs are critical regulators of AS in human cancers.
  • Understanding ncRNA-AS interactions offers potential therapeutic targets for cancer treatment.
  • Further research into ncRNA-mediated AS is essential for advancing cancer biology and therapy.
Keywords:
Alternative splicingcancer progressioncircRNAlncRNAmiRNAsplicing factor

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