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Third harmonic phase-shifted Bragg grating sensor.

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    Researchers enhanced fiber Bragg grating sensors by introducing a phase-shift to create dual dips. This novel approach significantly boosts sensitivity for temperature and axial strain measurements, outperforming existing fiber sensors.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and Optical Sensing
    • Fiber Optic Sensors
    • Nanophotonics

    Background:

    • Higher-order harmonic fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) are crucial for advanced sensing applications.
    • Improving the sensitivity of these gratings is a key challenge in optical sensing.
    • Existing intensity-based fiber sensors have limitations in sensitivity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To enhance the sensitivity of higher-order harmonic fiber Bragg grating sensors.
    • To introduce a phase-shift into third harmonic FBGs to create a double-dip spectrum.
    • To enable a highly sensitive measurement regime by utilizing the intensity contrast between dual dips.

    Main Methods:

    • Introduction of a phase-shift into a third harmonic fiber Bragg grating.
    • Tailoring a double-dip spectrum with a high finesse notch.
    • Analyzing the reversed intensity responses of dual dips to temperature and axial strain changes.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully tailored a double-dip spectrum with a high finesse notch.
    • Observed reversed intensity responses between the dual dips for temperature and axial strain.
    • Achieved a highest temperature sensitivity of 0.964 dB/°C and axial strain sensitivity of 0.0257 dB/µε.
    • Demonstrated a three-fold increase in sensitivity compared to other intensity-based fiber sensors.

    Conclusions:

    • The phase-shift technique effectively enhances the sensitivity of higher-order harmonic FBGs.
    • The dual-dip spectrum with reversed responses offers a novel, highly sensitive measurement method.
    • This work paves the way for broader applications of higher-order harmonic gratings by improving wavelength utilization.