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Forensic DNA phenotyping: Inferring phenotypic traits from crime scene DNA.
Prashita Dabas1, Sonal Jain2, Himanshu Khajuria1
1Amity Institute of Forensic Sciences, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201313, India.
Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine
|April 15, 2022
Summary
Forensic DNA Phenotyping (FDP) aids in predicting externally visible characteristics from crime scene DNA. Future studies will identify new genetic markers for more accurate phenotype prediction, enhancing personal identification in investigations.
Area of Science:
- Genetics
- Forensic Science
- Human Identification
Background:
- Forensic DNA Phenotyping (FDP) offers insights into phenotypic traits and genetic variations.
- Short Tandem Repeat (STR) typing can be limited without database matches.
- FDP predicts externally visible characteristics (EVCs) from crime scene DNA, advancing personal identification.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate genetic variants and their role in accurate phenotype prediction systems.
- To highlight the significance and future prospects of Forensic DNA Phenotyping (FDP).
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature review was performed using PubMed and e-databases.
- Keywords included phenotype and associated genetic variants.
- Snowballing technique and data extraction on study type, sample characteristics, SNPs, and prediction accuracies were employed.
Main Results:
- Phenotyping tools utilizing genotyping and statistical analysis show promise for predicting human pigmentation.
- These tools are beneficial for solving cold cases.
Conclusions:
- Future studies are essential for identifying novel genetic markers for precise phenotype prediction.
- Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in diverse populations are crucial for advancing FDP.
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