Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 26, 2025
04:57
Establishing a Competing Risk Regression Nomogram Model for Survival Data
Published on: October 23, 2020
10.4K
A Stochastic Nash Equilibrium Problem for Medical Supply Competition
Georgia Fargetta1, Antonino Maugeri1, Laura Scrimali1
1University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications
|April 18, 2022
Summary
Healthcare institutions compete for medical supplies during natural disasters. This study models procurement as a two-stage stochastic program, optimizing costs and penalties to reach a stable equilibrium.
Area of Science:
- Operations Research
- Healthcare Management
- Disaster Preparedness
Background:
- Healthcare institutions face significant challenges in procuring medical supplies during natural disasters.
- Competition for limited resources can lead to suboptimal distribution and unmet demand.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a robust two-stage procurement planning model for healthcare institutions in disaster scenarios.
- To analyze the competitive dynamics and achieve a stable state using stochastic Nash equilibrium.
Main Methods:
- Formulation of a two-stage stochastic programming model incorporating unmet demand and penalties.
- Application of variational inequality and infinite-dimensional duality for problem formulation.
- Utilizing the progressive hedging algorithm for numerical illustrations.
Main Results:
- The model effectively balances procurement costs, transportation times, and penalties under uncertainty.
- The stochastic Nash equilibrium concept provides a framework for stable competitive decision-making.
- Numerical examples demonstrate the practical applicability of the proposed methods.
Conclusions:
- The developed stochastic programming model offers a strategic approach for healthcare supply chain resilience during emergencies.
- Optimizing procurement decisions through equilibrium analysis can mitigate shortages and improve resource allocation.
- This research provides valuable insights for disaster response planning and healthcare policy.
Related Concept Videos
01:13Parameters Affecting Nonlinear Elimination: Zero-Order Input, First-Order Absorption and Two-Compartment Model
130
Drugs administered through various routes can lead to nonlinear elimination, resulting in complex pharmacokinetic behaviors crucial to understanding efficacious drug dosing.
When a drug is administered through a constant intravenous infusion and eliminated via nonlinear pharmacokinetics, it follows zero-order input. For example, oral drugs undergo first-order absorption upon administration and are eliminated through nonlinear pharmacokinetics.
In the case of subcutaneously administered drugs,...
When a drug is administered through a constant intravenous infusion and eliminated via nonlinear pharmacokinetics, it follows zero-order input. For example, oral drugs undergo first-order absorption upon administration and are eliminated through nonlinear pharmacokinetics.
In the case of subcutaneously administered drugs,...
130
01:29Mechanistic Models: Compartment Models in Algorithms for Numerical Problem Solving
108
Mechanistic models play a crucial role in algorithms for numerical problem-solving, particularly in nonlinear mixed effects modeling (NMEM). These models aim to minimize specific objective functions by evaluating various parameter estimates, leading to the development of systematic algorithms. In some cases, linearization techniques approximate the model using linear equations.
In individual population analyses, different algorithms are employed, such as Cauchy's method, which uses a...
In individual population analyses, different algorithms are employed, such as Cauchy's method, which uses a...
108
01:25Drug Distribution as One-Compartment Model and Elimination by Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics: Overview
131
Drug administration can occur through various routes, each of which may result in a different process of elimination. This process is often mixed with nonlinear and linear processes. It's important to understand that a single drug can be metabolized into different metabolites through parallel processes.
For instance, consider the metabolism of sodium salicylate. This compound is metabolized into two distinct substances: a glucuronide and a glycine conjugate. The rate of conjugation depends...
For instance, consider the metabolism of sodium salicylate. This compound is metabolized into two distinct substances: a glucuronide and a glycine conjugate. The rate of conjugation depends...
131
01:20Compartment Models: Two-Compartment Model
6.1K
The two-compartment model divides the body into central and peripheral compartments to account for varying blood perfusion rates among organs and tissues, affecting drug distribution. The central compartment includes blood and highly perfused tissues with rapid drug distribution, while the peripheral compartment contains tissues with slower drug distribution. After a single IV bolus dose, the drug concentration is high in plasma and low in tissues. The drug distribution between compartments...
6.1K
01:26Pharmacokinetic Models: Comparison and Selection Criterion
158
Physiological and compartmental models are valuable tools used in studying biological systems. These models rely on differential equations to maintain mass balance within the system, ensuring an accurate representation of the dynamic processes at play.
Physiological models take a detailed approach by considering specific molecular processes. They can predict drug distribution, metabolism, and elimination changes, providing a comprehensive understanding of how drugs interact with the body.
Physiological models take a detailed approach by considering specific molecular processes. They can predict drug distribution, metabolism, and elimination changes, providing a comprehensive understanding of how drugs interact with the body.
158
00:57Physiological Pharmacokinetic Models: Blood Flow-Limited Versus Diffusion-Limited Models
162
Physiological pharmacokinetic models, often called flow-limited or perfusion models, typically assume a swift drug distribution between tissue and venous blood, creating a rapid drug equilibrium. This premise is based on the idea that drug diffusion is extremely fast, and the cell membrane presents no barrier to drug permeation. In this scenario, where no drug binding occurs, the drug concentration in the tissue equals that of the venous blood leaving the tissue. This greatly simplifies the...
162