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Probiotics, Their Extracellular Vesicles and Infectious Diseases
A Paula Domínguez Rubio1,2, Cecilia L D'Antoni1,2, Mariana Piuri1,2
1Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Frontiers in Microbiology
|April 18, 2022
Summary
Probiotic-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) may combat infectious diseases by inhibiting pathogens and regulating immunity. Further research is needed to explore their therapeutic potential as novel postbiotics.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Immunology
- Biotechnology
Background:
- Probiotics demonstrate efficacy against infectious diseases, offering both intestinal and extraintestinal health benefits.
- Key probiotic effects include pathogen inhibition, enhanced barrier integrity, and immune response regulation.
- Probiotic-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are implicated as mediators of these health benefits, though mechanisms remain under investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current knowledge on probiotic-derived EVs and their potential role in preventing and treating infectious diseases.
- To explore the mechanisms of EV cargo packaging and host cell communication (inter-kingdom communication).
- To discuss the potential therapeutic applications of probiotic-derived EVs as postbiotics.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of existing studies on probiotic functions and extracellular vesicles.
- Analysis of proposed mechanisms for EV-mediated probiotic effects.
- Discussion of current knowledge gaps and future research directions.
Main Results:
- Probiotic-derived EVs possess properties that could contribute to combating infectious diseases.
- Understanding EV cargo and inter-kingdom communication is crucial for harnessing their therapeutic potential.
- No clinical trials currently exist for probiotic-derived EVs against infectious diseases.
Conclusions:
- Probiotic-derived EVs represent a promising area for developing novel strategies against infectious diseases.
- Further research into EV mechanisms and therapeutic applications is essential.
- Encapsulating bioactives within EVs from Generally Regarded As Safe (GRAS) bacteria offers novel opportunities for functional foods and pharmaceuticals.
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