Enablers and Constraints of STEM Programme Implementation: an External Change Agent Perspective from a National STEM...

Area of Science:

• STEM Education
• Educational Program Development
• Teacher Professional Development

Background:

• An international need exists for effective programs to enhance interest in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) studies and careers.
• Understanding enablers and constraints is vital for maximizing the impact of STEM initiatives.
• This study examines a nationwide STEM program in Finland involving 450 teachers.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify key enablers and constraints in the implementation of a nationwide STEM program.
• To provide insights for designing more effective STEM programs by understanding factors influencing their success.
• To inform strategies for supporting educators and maximizing program impact.

Main Methods:

• Interpretative paradigm.
• Data collection through semi-structured interviews with 14 external change agents.
• Data-driven thematic analysis of interview data.

Main Results:

• Key enablers identified: versatile support, program flexibility, and long-term vision.
• Major constraints identified: limited resources and collaboration challenges.
• Change agents provided a valuable overview of program evolution and implementation factors.

Conclusions:

• Effective STEM program design should incorporate robust support mechanisms for educators, including scaffolding and peer support.
• Flexibility in program objectives and activity integration is essential for adapting to participants' needs.
• Long-term vision, sufficient resources, and strong collaboration networks are critical for sustained STEM program impact.