[Does the Oral Microbiome Influence Carcinogenic Changes of the Esophagus? - A Systematic Review]

Does the Oral Microbiome Influence Carcinogenic Changes of the Esophagus? - A Systematic Review Abstract. The oral microbiome plays a crucial role in maintaining a physiological oral and esophageal environment, but possibly also in the development and progression of diseases, such as esophageal cancer. However, the underlying mechanism for this correlation is not understood. Esophageal carcinomas harbor a high malignancy and show a high incidence - worldwide they are the sixth most common cause of carcinoma-related death. The aim of this review was to find out to what extent the oral microbiome can be used as a marker for early detection of esophageal cancer. A systematic literature search was performed in the Pubmed®, Livivo® and Cochrane Library® databases. A total of eight studies were included in the review. These showed a correlation between oral dysbiosis and increased esophageal cancer risk, i.e., increased (i.e., genera Prevotella, Porphyromonas, Streptococcus) or decreased (i.e., genera Haemophilus, Neisseria) relative abundances of various bacteria were associated with higher risk. However, the results of the studies were very heterogeneous. A correlation between carcinogenic changes of the esophagus and changes in the oral microbiome is evident. However, further studies are needed to clarify the possible causal role of the oral microbiota in carcinogenesis.