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Prevalence, Presentation and Outcome of Secondary Bloodstream Infections among COVID-19 Patients

Subhashree Samantaray1, Priyabrat Karan2, Anuradha Sharma3

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Senior Resident, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.

Infectious Disorders Drug Targets
|April 20, 2022
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Secondary bloodstream infections (BSI) are common in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, significantly increasing mortality. Early diagnosis with biomarkers and infection control are crucial for improving patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Secondary infections, particularly bacterial and fungal, are a significant concern in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, contributing to higher mortality rates.
  • While comorbidities increase risk, even young patients can experience severe outcomes, highlighting the impact of secondary infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of bloodstream infections (BSI) in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
  • To analyze laboratory markers and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with BSI compared to those without.

Main Methods:

  • A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted.
  • 388 blood culture bottles from 293 hospitalized COVID-19 patients were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • The prevalence of BSI was 39.5%, with bacterial infections at 35.5% and fungal at 4.1%.
  • Multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii were common pathogens. Patients with comorbidities had higher BSI risk and elevated sepsis markers (CRP, procalcitonin, ferritin, IL-6).
  • Mortality was significantly higher (60.2%) in patients with BSI.

Conclusions:

  • Early diagnosis of secondary infections using biomarkers is essential.
  • Implementing robust infection control measures is critical to prevent nosocomial spread and improve outcomes for hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
Keywords:
COVID-19Secondary bloodstream infectionshospital infection controloutcomepredisposing factorssepsis markers

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