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Lessons Learned as Thomas Jefferson University's Rural Physician Shortage Area Program (PSAP) Approaches the

Howard K Rabinowitz1, Robert J Motley2, Fred W Markham3

  • 1H.K. Rabinowitz is professor emeritus, family and community medicine, and director emeritus, Physician Shortage Area Program, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Academic Medicine : Journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges
|April 20, 2022
PubMed
Summary

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The Physician Shortage Area Program (PSAP) significantly increases rural family physicians by selecting students with rural backgrounds and practice intentions. This program demonstrates high success in rural physician supply and retention.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Rural Health
  • Physician Workforce Development

Background:

  • The rural physician shortage is a persistent challenge in healthcare.
  • Thomas Jefferson University established the Physician Shortage Area Program (PSAP) in 1974 to address this issue.
  • The PSAP targets students with rural origins and intentions to practice rurally.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize key lessons learned from the nearly 50-year-old Physician Shortage Area Program (PSAP).
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of the PSAP in increasing the supply and retention of rural family physicians.
  • To identify critical factors contributing to the success of rural medical training programs.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal outcome research and publication of program findings.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of PSAP graduate practice patterns compared to non-PSAP peers.
  • Identification of key admissions criteria and program components influencing rural practice.

    • Main Results:

    • PSAP graduates are 8.5-9.9 times more likely to practice rural family medicine.
    • The PSAP contributed 12% of Pennsylvania's rural family physicians, with over 70% long-term retention after 20-25 years.
    • Admissions factors (rural background, practice plans) predicted 80% of long-term rural practice, highlighting the importance of student selection.

    Conclusions:

    • Medical school programs like the PSAP are effective in boosting rural physician supply and retention.
    • The desire to live rurally is a significant factor in a physician's decision to practice in rural areas.
    • Medical schools can play a vital role in mitigating the rural physician shortage through targeted programs and modest resource allocation.