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Lipid Profile Study in Patients Diagnosed with Acute Myocardial Infarction for First Time and Admitted in Tertiary
Manjunath S Biradar1, Rangaswamy1
1Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, Mysuru.
Insights
Dyslipidemia, characterized by abnormal lipid profiles, is a significant risk factor for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This study found decreased HDL cholesterol levels were most common in AMI patients, highlighting the need for lipid management.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Coronary artery disease (CAD) is multifactorial, with dyslipidemia being a primary driver of atherosclerosis.
- Understanding lipid profile patterns in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is crucial for risk stratification and management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the lipid profile patterns in patients diagnosed with their first-time acute myocardial infarction.
- To identify the prevalence of dyslipidemia and its specific components in AMI patients.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study conducted from September 2020 to October 2021.
- Included 80 first-time AMI patients (age > 18) diagnosed via history, ECG, and cardiac biomarkers.
- Excluded patients with hyperthyroidism or on antilipidemic medication.
Main Results:
- The study included 62 males (77.5%) and 18 females (22.5%), with a mean age of 55.98 years.
- Prevalent findings included low HDL cholesterol (46.25%) and elevated LDL cholesterol (18.75%).
- A significant proportion had suboptimal lipid levels, with 76.25% having total cholesterol < 240 mg/dl and 53.75% having HDL cholesterol > 40 mg/dl.
Conclusions:
- Atherogenic lipid profiles are more common risk factors in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients than non-lipid factors.
- Decreased HDL cholesterol was the most frequently observed atherogenic lipid pattern in AMI patients.
- Emphasizes the importance of monitoring serum lipids and addressing modifiable risk factors, including diet and exercise, for AMI prevention at the community level.
Abstract:
Coronary artery disease is a multifactorial disease affected by multiple factors. Dyslipidemia is one of the most important factor for atherosclerosis and its consequences. Hence the present study aims to study lipid profile pattern in patients diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction.
Material:
The present study is a cross sectional study conducted at tertiary care hospital from september 2020 to october 2021.A total of 80 patients with age more than 18years diagnosed with Acute myocardial infarction for first time were included in study after receiving informed consent.Acute myocardial infarction was diagnosed by patients history,ECG,cardiac biomarkers.Patients with hyperthyroidism and already on antilipidemics were excluded from study.
Observation:
Out of 80 patients there were 62 male patients (77.5%) and 18 female patients (22.5%).66 patients were diagnosed to have STEMI(82.50%)and 14 patients had NSTEMI(17.5%). Patients with age more than 18years age were included in study with mean age value of 55.98+/- 13.47. The mean value of total cholesterol level was 175 mg/dl +/- 62.48. The LDL cholesterol level was 109.53mg/ dl +/- 35.67. The mean HDL cholesterol level was 42.14 mg/dl +/- 8.05, mean triglycerides level was 168.85 mg/ dl +/- 75.63. There were 23.7% patients with high total cholesterol (> 240 mg/dl), 18.75%patients (18.75%) with high and very high LDL cholesterol level (> 160 mg/dl), 46.25% patients with low HDL cholesterol level (< 40 mg/dl). The number of patients with high / very high triglycerides level (> 200 mg/dl or 500 mg/dl) were 21.25% patients The number of patients with optimal lipid level, 76.25% patients total cholesterol level < 240 mg/dl was patients ; 81.25% of patients had LDL cholesterol level < 160 mg/dl, 53.75% of patients had HDL cholesterol level > 40 mg/dl, 78.75%patients had triglycerides level < 200 mg/dl.
Conclusion:
Atherogenic lipid profile is one the more common risk factor in ACS patients than other non lipid factors.This study demonstrated that atherogenic lipid is most commonly found in patients with Decreased HDL cholesterol level. Hence more attention needs to be paid to serum lipid and other modifiable risk factors in prevention of AMI and advice regarding good dietary habits and exercise to prevent such events at community level.
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