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Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview01:26

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Electrocyclic reactions are reversible reactions. They involve an intramolecular cyclization or ring-opening of a conjugated polyene. Shown below are two examples of electrocyclic reactions. In the first reaction, the formation of the cyclic product is favored. In contrast, in the second reaction, ring-opening is favored due to the high ring strain associated with cyclobutene formation.
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The absorption of UV–visible light by conjugated systems causes the promotion of an electron from the ground state to the excited state. Consequently, photochemical electrocyclic reactions proceed via the excited-state HOMO rather than the ground-state HOMO. Since the ground- and excited-state HOMOs have different symmetries, the stereochemical outcome of electrocyclic reactions depends on the mode of activation; i.e., thermal or photochemical.
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The mitochondrial cristae membrane is the primary site for the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) process of energy conversion mediated through respiratory complexes I to V. These complexes have been widely studied for decades, and it has been proven that they form supramolecular structures called respiratory supercomplexes (SC). These higher-order complexes may be crucial in maintaining the biochemical structure and improving the physiological activity of the individual complexes while...
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The stereochemistry of electrocyclic reactions is strongly influenced by the orbital symmetry of the polyene HOMO. Under thermal conditions, the reaction proceeds via the ground-state HOMO.
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Electrically Fueled Active Supramolecular Materials.

Serxho Selmani1,2, Eric Schwartz1,2, Justin T Mulvey1,3

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|April 21, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed electrically fueled dissipative self-assembly for active supramolecular materials. This new method offers precise control and rapid kinetics, enabling integration into electronic devices.

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Area of Science:

  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry

Background:

  • Fuel-driven dissipative self-assemblies are crucial for biological systems, enabling complex structures and functions.
  • Existing dissipative materials utilize chemical or light fuels, leaving electrical energy unexplored.
  • Active supramolecular materials are essential for advanced applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel platform for electrically fueled dissipative self-assembly.
  • To demonstrate the creation of active supramolecular materials using electrical energy.
  • To explore the potential of this approach in bioelectronic applications.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing an electrochemical redox reaction network to drive self-assembly.
  • Investigating the kinetics, directionality, and spatiotemporal control of the assembly.
  • Characterizing the properties of the electrically fueled supramolecular materials.

Main Results:

  • Successful demonstration of electrically fueled dissipative self-assembly.
  • Achieved transient and highly active supramolecular assemblies.
  • Exhibited rapid kinetics, directionality, and precise spatiotemporal control.

Conclusions:

  • Electrically fueled dissipative self-assembly offers a new route to active supramolecular materials.
  • This approach provides significant advantages in control and speed over existing methods.
  • The technology holds promise for integration into electronic devices for bioelectronics.