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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 26, 2025

Quantification of Diabetes-induced Adherent Leukocytes in Retinal Vasculature
05:54

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Published on: January 24, 2025

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RETINAL MICROVASCULAR CHANGES IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE LEUKEMIA.

Maria V Cicinelli1,2, Sara Mastaglio3, Matteo Menean1,2

  • 1School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.

Retina (Philadelphia, Pa.)
|April 21, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Optical coherence tomography angiography reveals reduced retinal vessel density in acute leukemia patients, which improves after remission. This subclinical change correlates with lower blood cell counts and may indicate bone marrow failure.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Hematology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Acute leukemia can affect systemic health, including ocular circulation.
  • Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a non-invasive imaging technique to assess retinal vasculature.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Evaluate retinal circulation in active acute leukemia.
  • Correlate perfusion metrics with laboratory values.
  • Assess vascular changes post-leukemia remission.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study of 12 patients (22 eyes) with acute leukemia and healthy controls.
  • Baseline OCTA performed on all patients.
  • Repeat OCTA after morphologic leukemia remission.

Main Results:

  • Leukemic eyes showed macular and peripapillary vascular alterations.
  • Lower superficial capillary plexus vessel density in leukemia patients (46.8% vs. 49.2%).
  • Reduced vessel density correlated with lower white blood cells and platelets (P=0.001).
  • Remission showed increased vessel density, reduced diameter, and increased fractal dimension.

Conclusions:

  • Active acute leukemia is associated with subclinical, reversible reductions in retinal vessel density and complexity.
  • These changes are likely linked to bone marrow failure.
  • Further research is needed to understand the functional and prognostic implications.