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Pre-Operative Medications as a Predictor for Post-Operative Complications Following Geriatric Hip Fracture Surgery
Christopher L McDonald1, Brian H Cohen1, Giancarlo Medina Pérez1
1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
Geriatric Orthopaedic Surgery & Rehabilitation
|April 22, 2022
Summary
The number and type of pre-operative medications significantly predict post-operative complications in hip fracture patients. This finding aids surgeons in better patient counseling regarding surgical risks.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Geriatric Medicine
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Fragility hip fractures are common, leading to variable patient outcomes.
- Predicting post-operative complications in these patients remains challenging.
- Pre-operative medication profiles are under-investigated as predictive markers.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine if the number and type of pre-operative medications predict post-operative complications in hip fracture patients.
- To identify specific medication classes associated with increased complication risk.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of a prospectively collected hip fracture patient database.
- Exclusion of specific fracture types (e.g., isolated greater trochanteric, periprosthetic).
- Multivariate regression analysis controlling for demographic and clinical factors.
Main Results:
- 391 patients included; 33.7% experienced complications within 2 years.
- Increased number of pre-operative medications correlated with higher complication rates (P=.048).
- Specific medications (cardiovascular, pulmonary, gout, diabetes) were associated with increased complication likelihood.
Conclusions:
- A strong, linear relationship exists between pre-operative medication burden and post-operative complications.
- This predictive relationship holds even after controlling for confounding variables.
- Medication data can enhance patient and family counseling on surgical risks.
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