Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction01:17

Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction

411
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
Altered...
411
Anatomy of the Intestines01:23

Anatomy of the Intestines

83.7K
Although digestion of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids may begin in the stomach, it is completed in the intestine. The absorption of nutrients, water, and electrolytes from food and drink also occurs in the intestine. The intestines can be divided into two structurally distinct organs—the small and large intestines.
Small Intestines
The small intestine is an ~7 meter-long tube with an inner diameter of just 2.5 cm. Since most nutrients are absorbed here, the inner lining of the...
83.7K
Pathophysiology of Vomiting01:22

Pathophysiology of Vomiting

1.3K
Vomiting is a complex physiological response to expel harmful or irritating substances from the body. It's a defensive mechanism triggered by stimuli like poisons, microbial toxins, cytotoxic drugs, and mechanical abdominal distension. The process is centrally coordinated by the vomiting (or emetic) center located in the medulla of the brainstem. This area, rich in muscarinic M1, histamine H1, neurokinin 1 (NK1), and serotonin 5-HT3 receptors, coordinates the act of vomiting through...
1.3K
Bacterial Flora of the Large Intestine01:29

Bacterial Flora of the Large Intestine

672
The gut microbiome is formed by a vast and diverse community of bacteria that colonizes our large intestine. These bacteria start residing in the gut from birth and continue diversifying throughout life, influenced by factors such as diet, lifestyle, and stress. The gut bacterial community also includes bacteria from food and those that enter the colon through the anus.
The normal gut flora of the colon plays a critical role in generating essential vitamins such as vitamins K, B5, and B7.
672
Assessment of the Gastrointestinal System I: Subjective Data01:17

Assessment of the Gastrointestinal System I: Subjective Data

308
Assessing the gastrointestinal (GI) system is a complex process that begins with collecting subjective data. This data, collected through patient interviews, provides crucial insights into the patient's health history, perception patterns, and lifestyle habits, all contributing significantly to GI health.
Health History
The initial step in assessing the GI system is obtaining a comprehensive health history. This includes inquiring about the patient's history or presence of problems...
308
Physiology of Enteric Nervous System and Gut Health01:05

Physiology of Enteric Nervous System and Gut Health

457
The gastrointestinal tract, responsible for the digestion and absorption of nutrients, is safeguarded by the intestinal barrier, which consists of secretory, physical, and immune components. At the forefront is the secretory barrier, composed of essential elements such as mucus, gut microbiota, and defense proteins. They collaborate to break down food particles, facilitate nutrient absorption, and maintain optimal gut health. These secretory components ensure the smooth functioning of the...
457

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Comparison of liver T1 estimates generated by breath-hold 3D FSPGR and free-breathing 3D radial stack-of-stars FSPGR variable flip angle T1 mapping sequences.

European journal of radiology open·2026
Same author

Impact of ambient fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) pollution on disease burden in BRICS from 1990 to 2023: evidence from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023.

BMJ global health·2026
Same author

Integrative multi-omics analysis reveals host-microbiome metabolic alterations and candidate biomarkers in Parkinson's disease.

BMC microbiology·2026
Same author

A CRISPR/Cas12a-MXene Nanozyme Platform for Universal Detection of Trace DNA.

ACS sensors·2026
Same author

Reply to Alcántara Montero.

Pain·2026
Same author

Magnetic medical microrobots with memory-capable genetic circuits.

Science advances·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 25, 2025

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing
11:22

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing

Published on: October 15, 2019

29.8K

Gut microbiota and migraine.

Joshua Crawford1, Sufang Liu1, Feng Tao1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX 75246, USA.

Neurobiology of Pain (Cambridge, Mass.)
|April 25, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Migraine, a major cause of disability, may be linked to gut microbiota. This review explores the gut-brain axis connection in migraine pathogenesis and future research directions.

Keywords:
Gut microbiotaMigraineProbioticsShort-chain fatty acidsVagus nerve

More Related Videos

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache
10:39

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache

Published on: June 2, 2014

18.3K
Investigating Migraine-Like Behavior Using Light Aversion in Mice
05:23

Investigating Migraine-Like Behavior Using Light Aversion in Mice

Published on: August 11, 2021

4.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 25, 2025

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing
11:22

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing

Published on: October 15, 2019

29.8K
3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache
10:39

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache

Published on: June 2, 2014

18.3K
Investigating Migraine-Like Behavior Using Light Aversion in Mice
05:23

Investigating Migraine-Like Behavior Using Light Aversion in Mice

Published on: August 11, 2021

4.0K

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Microbiome Research

Background:

  • Migraine represents a significant global health and economic burden.
  • Despite extensive research, the precise mechanisms underlying migraine remain incompletely understood.
  • Emerging evidence suggests a role for the gut-brain axis in migraine pathophysiology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review historical perspectives on migraine theories.
  • To summarize current research on the involvement of gut microbiota in migraine.
  • To discuss future research avenues for understanding the gut microbiota's role in migraine.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of historical and recent studies on migraine.
  • Synthesis of evidence implicating gut microbiota in migraine pathogenesis.
  • Exploration of the gut-brain crosstalk in the context of migraine.

Main Results:

  • Accumulating evidence points to microbiota-mediated gut-brain crosstalk as a potential contributor to migraine.
  • The review consolidates findings linking gut microbial composition and function to migraine development.
  • Understanding this connection offers new insights into migraine mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • The gut microbiota is increasingly recognized as a factor in migraine.
  • Further research into the gut-brain axis is crucial for elucidating migraine pathophysiology.
  • Targeting the gut microbiota may offer novel therapeutic strategies for migraine management.