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Updated: Sep 25, 2025

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing
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Gut microbiota and migraine

Joshua Crawford1, Sufang Liu1, Feng Tao1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX 75246, USA.

Neurobiology of Pain (Cambridge, Mass.)
|April 25, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Migraine, a major cause of disability, may be linked to gut microbiota. This review explores the gut-brain axis connection in migraine pathogenesis and future research directions.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Microbiome Research

Background:

  • Migraine represents a significant global health and economic burden.
  • Despite extensive research, the precise mechanisms underlying migraine remain incompletely understood.
  • Emerging evidence suggests a role for the gut-brain axis in migraine pathophysiology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review historical perspectives on migraine theories.
  • To summarize current research on the involvement of gut microbiota in migraine.
  • To discuss future research avenues for understanding the gut microbiota's role in migraine.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of historical and recent studies on migraine.
  • Synthesis of evidence implicating gut microbiota in migraine pathogenesis.
  • Exploration of the gut-brain crosstalk in the context of migraine.

Main Results:

  • Accumulating evidence points to microbiota-mediated gut-brain crosstalk as a potential contributor to migraine.
  • The review consolidates findings linking gut microbial composition and function to migraine development.
  • Understanding this connection offers new insights into migraine mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • The gut microbiota is increasingly recognized as a factor in migraine.
  • Further research into the gut-brain axis is crucial for elucidating migraine pathophysiology.
  • Targeting the gut microbiota may offer novel therapeutic strategies for migraine management.
Keywords:
Gut microbiotaMigraineProbioticsShort-chain fatty acidsVagus nerve

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