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Development and Validation of the Secondary Victimization Scale.
Suiane M Tavares1, Carlos E Pimentel1, Tamyres T Paiva1
1Federal University of Paraiba University, Joao Pessoa, Brazil.
Psychological Reports
|April 26, 2022
Summary
This study validates a new scale to measure secondary victimization of rape victims, identifying blaming, minimizing suffering, and avoiding victims as key factors. The findings support the scale's reliability in assessing these crucial aspects of victim blaming.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Criminology
- Sociology
Background:
- Sexual violence is prevalent, often leading to secondary victimization where victims are blamed.
- Secondary victimization includes blaming, minimizing suffering, and avoiding victims.
- Existing measures may not fully capture these distinct facets of victim blaming.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate a scale measuring individual differences in secondary victimization of rape victims.
- To assess the psychometric properties of the Secondary Victimization Scale (SVS).
- To examine the relationship between secondary victimization, rape myth acceptance, and belief in a just world.
Main Methods:
- Scale development and content validity analysis (Study 1).
- Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses to establish the scale's structure (Studies 2 & 3).
- Convergent, discriminant, concurrent, and predictive validity analyses using established scales (Studies 2, 3 & 4).
Main Results:
- The Secondary Victimization Scale (SVS) demonstrated consistent evidence of validity.
- The SVS reliably measures three factors: blaming, minimizing suffering, and avoiding the victim.
- Secondary victimization was found to mediate the relationship between belief in a just world and behavior towards rape victims.
Conclusions:
- The validated SVS provides a reliable tool for measuring secondary victimization.
- Understanding secondary victimization is crucial for addressing victim blaming in sexual violence cases.
- The findings highlight the psychological mechanisms underlying negative victim responses.
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