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Piezo-deformable mirrors for active mode matching in advanced LIGO.

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    Advanced LIGO detectors use squeezed light but face mode mismatch issues. A new deformable mirror actively corrects wavefront, improving sensitivity for future observations.

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    Area of Science:

    • Gravitational-wave astronomy
    • Quantum optics
    • Optical engineering

    Background:

    • Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) detectors are limited by quantum noise.
    • Squeezed states of light enhance detector sensitivity but are affected by mode mismatch.
    • Current LIGO systems lack active mode mismatch mitigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce a novel deformable mirror for active wavefront control.
    • To address the active mode-matching requirements for advanced LIGO.
    • To enhance the sensitivity of gravitational-wave detection.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of a deformable mirror utilizing a piezoelectric transducer.
    • Actuation on mirror curvature via an axisymmetric flexure.
    • Characterization of mirror performance including operating range, bandwidth, and scattering.

    Main Results:

    • The deformable mirror offers an operating range of 120±8 mD in vacuum, with an additional 200 mD out of vacuum.
    • Total deformation range from -65 mD to -385 mD is achievable.
    • Measured actuator bandwidth is 6.8 Hz, with scattering into higher-order modes <0.2%.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed piezo-deformable mirrors satisfy advanced LIGO's stringent noise and vacuum requirements.
    • These mirrors will be implemented in the upcoming O4 observing run.
    • Active mode-matching control will improve the performance of squeezed light injection in LIGO.